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叶酸代谢基因多态性检测 我国肥壮儿童FTO基因多态性与肥壮儿童代谢组分相关研讨

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[摘要] 意图 研讨FTO基因多态性与肥壮儿童代谢组分相关性。办法 挑选年纪6~17岁间的599名儿童,检测FTO基因常见的单核苷酸多态性(rs1421085、rs17817449、rs8050136、rs3751812和rs9939609)基因型,剖析与肥壮代谢组分的相关性。 成果 ①肥壮儿童代谢组分与对照组有明显差异;②FTO SNPs的等位基因频率与基因型散布存在明显差异。5个FTO SNP骤变型是儿童发作肥壮的风险要素;③多变量、Logistic 回归剖析发现5个FTO单核苷酸多态性均与高收缩压有关。rs3751812、rs8050136与 LDL-C、HOMA-IR相关。 定论 FTO基因SNPs与儿童肥壮和高血压有关。rs3751812 和 rs8050136与胰岛素反抗及血清LDL水平升高有关。

[关键字] FTO;基因;肥壮;胰岛素反抗;儿童

[中图分类号] R723.14 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2014)26-0024-04

肥壮已成为首要的公共健康问题。在曩昔10年里,儿童肥壮在我国敏捷盛行,儿童超重和肥壮的发作率从19.1%添加到32.6%[1,2]。肥壮病因杂乱,现在以为基因在肥壮的发作中起着重要效果,基因与环境要素相互效果导致肥壮的发作和开展。肥壮基因FTO(the fat mass and obesity associated gene, FTO)坐落16 q12.2,含有9个外显子,鄙人丘脑高度表达,在操控能量平衡、核酸脱甲基化和人体脂肪调理方面有重要效果[3]。研讨标明FTO基因单核酸多态性(SNP)与高BMI及其他代谢相关组分有关[4-6]。可是,关于FTO基因多态性和肥壮风险性的Meta剖析标明FTO基因或许呈现肥壮相关易感基因的低外显率,一起需求大样本研讨来进一步评价肥壮和多态性在各民族中的相关性。因而,咱们对599名6~17岁儿童青少年FTO基因多态性(rs1421085、rs17817449、rs8050136、 rs3751812和rs9939609)进行基因分型及与代谢组分相关研讨,然后探究FTO基因多态性与儿童肥壮及代谢组分的相关性。

1材料与办法

1.1一般材料

肥壮组:405例肥壮儿童,其间298例男孩、107例女孩,均匀年纪(10.95±2.76)岁,依据其体重指数(BMI)超越同年纪、同性别第95百分值判定为肥壮者[7]。对照组:194例健康非肥壮儿童,其间男149例,女45例,均匀年纪(10.95±2.76)岁,其BMI在同年纪、同性别第25至第75百分值之间。当选目标来自于2010~2013年两家医院,本研讨取得研讨目标的爸爸妈妈赞同,并取得医院医学道德委员会的同意。

1.2形体丈量学目标及血压丈量

由经过一致训练的专业人员丈量一切目标的体重、身高[7]。血压丈量选用汞柱式规范袖带血压计,取座位至少歇息5 min以上丈量右上臂收缩压(SBP)与舒张压(DBP),取2次测定均匀值。

1.3生化目标检测

抽取一切查询目标清晨空腹静脉血,别离血清,测定血糖(FBG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)。并依据TC-HDL来核算non-HDL。核算稳态模型胰岛素反抗指数:HOMA-IR=FINS × FPG/22.5。另每人抽取2 mL枸橼酸钠抗凝血用axyprep全血基因组DNA提取试剂盒抽提外周血DNA基因,标本-80℃条件下保存,用于单核苷酸多样性基因型剖析。

1.4基因剖析

咱们运用MassARRAY(Sequenom, San Diego, CA)渠道对FTO基因单核苷酸多态性(rs1421085、rs17817449、rs8050136、rs3751812和rs9939609)进行基因型分型检测[8]。

1.5统计学剖析

运用SPSS17.0统计学软件进行相关数据剖析。SNP的Hardy-Weinberg平衡用Fishers准确查验。计量变量体现为均数±规范差(SD),组间差异由Student's t-test 剖析。分类变量以百分比方式体现,运用χ2查验剖析。年纪、性别和BMI等稠浊要素经过多变量剖析调整。Logistic 回归剖析来核算FTO SNP基因型肥壮风险要素OR值及其95%CI。Haploview 4.2 软件对人群单倍型频率进行评价与查验。P<0.05为差异有统计学含义。

2成果

2.1两组各参数比较

肥壮组与对照组间除性别、年纪无统计学差异外,BMI、BMI-Z值、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖和HOMA-IR等目标两组间比较,差异有高度统计学含义(P<0.01)。

2.2两组FTO 5个SNP等位基因及基因型散布频率比较

分病例组及对照组FTO SNPs均恪守Hardy-Weinberg平衡规律(P>0.05)。FTO基因rs1421085、rs17817449、rs8050136、rs3751812和rs9939609等位基因频率与基因型肥壮儿童与对照组儿童比较差异有统计学含义(P<0.01)。

2.3 5个FTO SNP 不同基因型间肥壮相关代谢组分比较

FTO SNPs基因型与肥壮代谢组分相关剖析发现在调整年纪、性别和BMI-Z评分这些稠浊要素后,5个SNP基因骤变型带着者较野生型带着者更易呈现收缩压升高(P<0.05)。rs3751812和rs8050136基因型与LDL-C、HOMA-IR有亲近相关性。

2.4 5个FTO SNP与肥壮代谢组分(包含DBP、TC、TG、HDL-C、non-HDL-C、FPG)无相关性endprint

SNPs基因型与儿童肥壮相关剖析中,发现带着有FTO基因骤变型儿童更易发作肥壮(rs1421085,OR=1.980,95%CI:1.317~2.916; rs17817449,OR=2.011, 95%CI:1.333~3.034;rs8050136,OR=1.925,95%CI:1.285~2.885;rs3751812,OR=1.911,95%CI:1.275~2.864;rs9939609,OR=1.930,95%CI:1.283~2.904)。

3 评论

跟着生活水平的不断上升,肥壮儿童的数量近年来呈快速增长的趋势,由此而引发的很多与肥壮相关的代谢性疾病已经成为不行忽视的问题。为防备肥壮和代谢性疾病的发作,前期对这一问题进行干涉变得十分必要。对肥壮儿童进行易感基因的检测较少遭到其他稠浊要素的影响,能愈加真实地反映肥壮和基因的相关性。2007年Frayling等在欧洲人群中发现,FTO基因的第一个内含子序列(长度为47 kb)中以~9939609为代表的10个单核苷酸多态性(SNp)或许与肥壮有关。rs9939609的A等位基因为风险基因,具有该风险基因的纯合子人群与无此风险基因的人群比较,均匀体重高出3 kg,患肥壮症的风险高出1.67倍。FTO基因变异与儿童肥壮症亲近相关[9],该基因散布于下丘脑,参加机体的饮食调理,在FTO参加蛋白质表达方面,经研讨发现,FTO的蛋白空间结构与通曩昔除一个甲基团修正DNA的酶及其类似,FTO基因编码构成2-氧戊二酸盐核苷酸去甲基酶,包含与Fe2+以及2-酮戊二酸依靠的加氧酶相同的基序,可以使DNA去甲基化。FTO SNP rs1421085、rs17817449, rs8050136、rs3751812 及 rs9939609高度连锁,研讨发现我国儿童BMI指数与这5个单核苷酸多态性高度相关。进一步支撑了该区域变异或许促进肥壮的开展。FTO基因变异影响BMI及肥壮代谢组分的机制尚不清晰。据报道,带着风险等位基因的个别更或许挑选高能量食物[10],研讨发现FTO基因与儿童及青少年暴饮暴食的生活习惯有关[11],FTO基因首要存在于办理能量平衡的下丘脑核群,其rs9939609多态性经过影响能量稳态来调理肥壮,可引起胃口添加而提高能量吸取,近年来研讨标明,该分子或许系能量平衡调理的重要分子开关。此外亦有研讨显现FFO基因的内含子可经过编码转录因子CUTL1的结合位点,调控FTO基因的表达,其详细功用尚待进一步研讨。

国内对FTO SNP的研讨首要会集在rs9939609与肥壮的相关性研讨,有研讨发现其与肥壮相关[4,12-15],亦有未发现rs9939609 基因变异与肥壮代谢组分存在联络[16,17]。咱们的研讨证明FTO 5个SNP与儿童肥壮相关,带着有骤变型的儿童更容易发作肥壮,进一步发现,FTO基因变异者(rs17817449、rs8050136、rs3751812及rs9939609)更易呈现收缩压升高。国内学者曾对3077位我国儿童(6~18岁,包含619位高血压病例组和2458位正常血压对照组)进行基因剖析,发现 FTO 基因中rs9939609与高血压有着明显联络(OR=1.35,95%CI 1.12~1.62,P=0.001)[18]。由此可见,肥壮儿童携有rs9939609骤变基因型更易患高血压。Pausova等提出了FTO风险等位基因或许经过交感缩血管严重效应增高血压,并在485位12~18岁青少年发现FTO风险等位基因,进一步在198名18~71岁的白种人中得到证明[19]。高血压、脂代谢紊乱是儿童肥壮的常见代谢反常并发症,亦是儿童代谢综合征的首要组成成分,而胰岛素反抗是肥壮、高血压、代谢综合征的重要病理根底,咱们研讨发现rs3751812和 rs8050136与LDL-C和 HOMA-IR 有明显联络,标明FTO 基因多态性在肥壮儿童高血压、脂代谢紊乱、胰岛素反抗的发病中起着必定的调控效果。

综上,本研讨成果标明FTO基因变异与儿童肥壮及代谢组分相关,其间常见的rs1421085、rs17817449、 rs8050136、rs3751812及rs9939609等5个骤变型SNPs是儿童肥壮及高血压的风险要素。FTO基因多态性(rs3751812和rs8050136)与胰岛素反抗和高LDL水平存在联络。往后咱们可对儿童的FTO 基因多态性进行分型检测,及早发现肥壮及代谢组分反常的易感人群,尽早采纳干涉办法,然后防备肥壮的发作、开展。

[参考文献]

[1] 儿童代谢综合征我国工作组. 我国六城市学龄儿童代谢综合征盛行现状研讨[J]. 中华儿科杂志,2013,51(6):409-413.

[2] Ji CY,Chen TJ. Working Group on Obesity in China. Empirical changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese students from 1985 to 2010 and corresponding preventive strategies[J]. Biomed Environ Sci,2013,26(1):1-12.

[3] Peng S,Zhu Y,Xu F,et al. FTO gene polymorphisms and obesity risk:A meta-analysis[J]. BMC Med,2011,9(7):71.

[4] Tan JT,Dorajoo R,Seielstad M,et al. FTO variants are associated with obesity in the Chinese and Malay populations in Singapore[J]. Diabetes,2008,57(10):2851-2857.endprint

[5] Denzer C. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese children and adolescents[J]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz,2013,56(4):517-527.

[6] Sergeyev E,Wagner I,Neef M,et al. Carbohydrate metabolism disorders among obese children and adolescents. Diabetes mellitus type 2[J]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz,2013,56(4):511-516.

[7] 陈雪峰,梁黎,傅君芬,等. 我国儿童青少年形体丈量学参数查询[J]. 中华盛行病学杂志,2012,33(5): 449-454.

[8] Zou CC,Huang K,Liang L,et al. Polymorphisms of the ghrelin/obestatin gene and ghrelin levels in Chinese children with short stature[J]. Clin Endocrinol(Oxf),2008,69(1):99-104.

[9] Frayling TM,Timpson NJ,Weedon MN,et al. A common variant in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index and predisposes to childhood and adult obesity[J]. Science,2007,316(5826):889-894.

[10] Cecil JE,Tavendale R,Watt P,et al. An obesity-associated FTO gene variant and increased energy intake in children[J]. N Engl J Med,2008,359(24):2558-2566.

[11] Tanofsky-Kraff M,Han JC,Anandalingam K,et al. The FTO gene rs9939609 obesity-risk allele and loss of control over eating[J]. Am J Clin Nutr,2009,90(6):1483-1488.

[12] Wang J,Mei H,Chen W,et al. Study of eight GWAS-identified common variants for association with obesity-related indices in Chinese children at puberty[J]. Int J Obes (Lond),2012,36(4):542-547.

[13] Chang YC,Liu PH,Lee WJ,et al. Common variation in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene confers risk of obesity and modulates BMI in the Chinese population[J]. Diabetes,2008,57(8):2245-2252.

[14] Cheung CY,Tso AW,Cheung BM,et al. Obesity susceptibility genetic variants identified from recent genome-wide association studies:Implications in a Chinese population[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab,2010,95(3):1395-1403.

[15] Fang H,Li Y,Du S,et al. Variant rs9939609 in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index among Chinese children[J]. BMC Med Genet,2010,11(9):136.

[16] Yan Q,Hong J,Gu W,et al. Association of the common rs9939609 variant of FTO gene with polycystic ovary syndrome in Chinese women[J]. Endocrine,2009,36(3):377-382.

[17] Li H,Wu Y,Loos RJ,et al. Variants in the fat mass- and obesity-associated(FTO) gene are not associated with obesity in a Chinese Han population[J]. Diabetes,2008, 57(1):264-268.

[18] Xi B,Zhao X,Shen Y,et al. Associations of obesity susceptibility loci with hypertension in Chinese children[J]. Int J Obes(Lond),2013,37(7):926-930.

[19] Pausova Z,Syme C,Abrahamowicz M,et al. A common variant of the FTO gene is associated with not only increased adiposity but also elevated blood pressure in French Canadians[J]. Circ Cardiovasc Genet,2009,2(3):260-269.

(收稿日期:2014-04-10)endprint

[5] Denzer C. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese children and adolescents[J]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz,2013,56(4):517-527.

[6] Sergeyev E,Wagner I,Neef M,et al. Carbohydrate metabolism disorders among obese children and adolescents. Diabetes mellitus type 2[J]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz,2013,56(4):511-516.

[7] 陈雪峰,梁黎,傅君芬,等. 我国儿童青少年形体丈量学参数查询[J]. 中华盛行病学杂志,2012,33(5): 449-454.

[8] Zou CC,Huang K,Liang L,et al. Polymorphisms of the ghrelin/obestatin gene and ghrelin levels in Chinese children with short stature[J]. Clin Endocrinol(Oxf),2008,69(1):99-104.

[9] Frayling TM,Timpson NJ,Weedon MN,et al. A common variant in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index and predisposes to childhood and adult obesity[J]. Science,2007,316(5826):889-894.

[10] Cecil JE,Tavendale R,Watt P,et al. An obesity-associated FTO gene variant and increased energy intake in children[J]. N Engl J Med,2008,359(24):2558-2566.

[11] Tanofsky-Kraff M,Han JC,Anandalingam K,et al. The FTO gene rs9939609 obesity-risk allele and loss of control over eating[J]. Am J Clin Nutr,2009,90(6):1483-1488.

[12] Wang J,Mei H,Chen W,et al. Study of eight GWAS-identified common variants for association with obesity-related indices in Chinese children at puberty[J]. Int J Obes (Lond),2012,36(4):542-547.

[13] Chang YC,Liu PH,Lee WJ,et al. Common variation in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene confers risk of obesity and modulates BMI in the Chinese population[J]. Diabetes,2008,57(8):2245-2252.

[14] Cheung CY,Tso AW,Cheung BM,et al. Obesity susceptibility genetic variants identified from recent genome-wide association studies:Implications in a Chinese population[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab,2010,95(3):1395-1403.

[15] Fang H,Li Y,Du S,et al. Variant rs9939609 in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index among Chinese children[J]. BMC Med Genet,2010,11(9):136.

[16] Yan Q,Hong J,Gu W,et al. Association of the common rs9939609 variant of FTO gene with polycystic ovary syndrome in Chinese women[J]. Endocrine,2009,36(3):377-382.

[17] Li H,Wu Y,Loos RJ,et al. Variants in the fat mass- and obesity-associated(FTO) gene are not associated with obesity in a Chinese Han population[J]. Diabetes,2008, 57(1):264-268.

[18] Xi B,Zhao X,Shen Y,et al. Associations of obesity susceptibility loci with hypertension in Chinese children[J]. Int J Obes(Lond),2013,37(7):926-930.

[19] Pausova Z,Syme C,Abrahamowicz M,et al. A common variant of the FTO gene is associated with not only increased adiposity but also elevated blood pressure in French Canadians[J]. Circ Cardiovasc Genet,2009,2(3):260-269.

(收稿日期:2014-04-10)endprint

[5] Denzer C. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese children and adolescents[J]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz,2013,56(4):517-527.

[6] Sergeyev E,Wagner I,Neef M,et al. Carbohydrate metabolism disorders among obese children and adolescents. Diabetes mellitus type 2[J]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz,2013,56(4):511-516.

[7] 陈雪峰,梁黎,傅君芬,等. 我国儿童青少年形体丈量学参数查询[J]. 中华盛行病学杂志,2012,33(5): 449-454.

[8] Zou CC,Huang K,Liang L,et al. Polymorphisms of the ghrelin/obestatin gene and ghrelin levels in Chinese children with short stature[J]. Clin Endocrinol(Oxf),2008,69(1):99-104.

[9] Frayling TM,Timpson NJ,Weedon MN,et al. A common variant in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index and predisposes to childhood and adult obesity[J]. Science,2007,316(5826):889-894.

[10] Cecil JE,Tavendale R,Watt P,et al. An obesity-associated FTO gene variant and increased energy intake in children[J]. N Engl J Med,2008,359(24):2558-2566.

[11] Tanofsky-Kraff M,Han JC,Anandalingam K,et al. The FTO gene rs9939609 obesity-risk allele and loss of control over eating[J]. Am J Clin Nutr,2009,90(6):1483-1488.

[12] Wang J,Mei H,Chen W,et al. Study of eight GWAS-identified common variants for association with obesity-related indices in Chinese children at puberty[J]. Int J Obes (Lond),2012,36(4):542-547.

[13] Chang YC,Liu PH,Lee WJ,et al. Common variation in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene confers risk of obesity and modulates BMI in the Chinese population[J]. Diabetes,2008,57(8):2245-2252.

[14] Cheung CY,Tso AW,Cheung BM,et al. Obesity susceptibility genetic variants identified from recent genome-wide association studies:Implications in a Chinese population[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab,2010,95(3):1395-1403.

[15] Fang H,Li Y,Du S,et al. Variant rs9939609 in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index among Chinese children[J]. BMC Med Genet,2010,11(9):136.

[16] Yan Q,Hong J,Gu W,et al. Association of the common rs9939609 variant of FTO gene with polycystic ovary syndrome in Chinese women[J]. Endocrine,2009,36(3):377-382.

[17] Li H,Wu Y,Loos RJ,et al. Variants in the fat mass- and obesity-associated(FTO) gene are not associated with obesity in a Chinese Han population[J]. Diabetes,2008, 57(1):264-268.

[18] Xi B,Zhao X,Shen Y,et al. Associations of obesity susceptibility loci with hypertension in Chinese children[J]. Int J Obes(Lond),2013,37(7):926-930.

[19] Pausova Z,Syme C,Abrahamowicz M,et al. A common variant of the FTO gene is associated with not only increased adiposity but also elevated blood pressure in French Canadians[J]. Circ Cardiovasc Genet,2009,2(3):260-269.

(收稿日期:2014-04-10)endprint

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