首页

基质金属蛋白酶 基质金属蛋白酶—1基因发动子区(—1607)基因多态性与肾移植后环孢素诱导牙龈增生的相关性

点击:0时间:2022-06-25 16:58:55

戴巧群+单海琴+任雨+吴寅+孙科家+叶小磊

[摘要] 意图 研讨MMP1基因单核苷酸多态(-1607)1G/2G与环孢素诱导牙龈增生(CsA-GO)发作危险的联系。 办法 以聚合酶链反响和限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)剖析办法,别离检测42例环孢素诱导牙龈增生病人和118位正常对照者MMP1(-1607)1G/2G多态的基因型;以Logistic回归模型核算不同基因型与环孢素诱导牙龈增生危险的联系。 成果 环孢素诱导牙龈增生病例组的MMP1(-1607)3种基因型频率散布与对照组无显着差异(P=0.37)。带着MMP1(-1607)2G基因型者发作环孢素诱导牙龈增生的危险比带着1G基因型者高1.38倍(95%CI=0.81~2.36,P=0.24),而1G基因型与环孢素诱导牙龈增生危险无关。 定论 MMP1基因发动子区(-1607)1G/2G单核苷酸多态性或许并非环孢素诱导牙龈增生的遗传易感要素,带着2G基因型的患者发作CsA-GO的危险有增高趋势。

[关键词] 牙龈增生;基质金属蛋白酶;基因多态性;遗传易理性

[中图分类号] R781.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701(2014)30-0152-04

环孢菌素(Cyclosporine,CsA)作为临床常见的免疫按捺剂,首要运用于器官移植后的抗宿主排异反响,在临床运用进程中可诱发药物性牙龈增生(drug-induced gingival overgrowth,DGO),由CsA诱导的牙龈增生(CsA-GO)在肾移植后患者中发病率能够高达30%~50%。牙龈增生后不只能够影响患者口腔的咀嚼以及漂亮,而且为口腔微生物的成长供给了较佳的环境,能够添加免疫功用按捺患者系统感染的危险,导致严峻并发症的发作[1]。对运用CsA患者进行牙龈增生易理性研讨,能够削减易感患者发作牙龈增生的或许性,为免疫按捺剂的运用供给辅导。

正常牙龈由上皮层和固有层构成,前者归于上皮安排,附着于牙釉质或牙骨质的外表,后者首要为结缔安排,包含细胞和细胞外基质两部分,胞外基质中含有很多的胶原纤维,约占细胞外基质的60%。牙龈安排中的胶原I首要来源于牙龈成纤维细胞,基质金属蛋白酶-1是担任I型胶原降解的首要蛋白水解酶,正常情况下,胶原I组成和降解处于平衡情况。以往不少研讨以为,CsA-GO发作或许与牙龈安排胶原代谢失衡有关,即组成-降解失衡[2]。有研讨发现,在环孢素效果下基质金属蛋白酶-1(MMP1)活性下调,牙龈结缔安排I型胶原降解受按捺,发作的胶原因无法降解而堆积[3,4]。对MMP1基因活性调理位点的研讨显现,在该基因发动子区域上游1607位点1G/2G的多态性能够直接影响MMP-1的转录活性和蛋白表达水平[5],并与多种疾病的易理性存在相关性,如结直肠癌[6]、子宫内膜异位症[7]等。而在口腔范畴,Santos等发现种植体失利患者2G型的份额显着高于对照组[8,9]。国内外不少研讨发现[10,11],该位点多态性与口腔鳞癌的易理性密切相关。以上研讨阐明,MMP1的活性影响到I型胶原代谢。现在,国内外没有有关于MMP1多态性与环孢素诱导的牙龈增生的研讨报导,因而,本研讨侧重评论MMP1上游发动子区域-1607位点多态性与环孢素诱导的牙龈增生的相关性。

1 材料与办法

1.1 一般材料

选取我院2011年1月~2013年12月期间服用CsA到达6个月以上的肾移植患者160例,其间男125例,女35例,年纪18~60岁,术后最长时刻6年,近3个月来未经任何牙周医治,依据是否存在牙龈增生分为牙龈增生组42例和未诱发牙龈增生组(对照组)118例,牙龈增生程度评价在Angelopoulos和Goaz等人办法基础上有所调整,即0=无牙龈增生,1分=轻度牙龈增生;牙龈边际增厚,龈袋内有小叶状颗粒增生,增生的牙龈掩盖少于1/3牙冠;2分=中度牙龈增生;增生牙龈掩盖至牙冠中部;3分=重度牙龈增生;2/3以上牙冠被增生牙龈掩盖或全附着龈均有增生[12]。评价研讨目标发现,在牙龈增生组中为(1.96±0.61),在对照组中为(0.02±0.01),差异具有统计学含义(P<0.05)。血液中环孢素浓度在增生组中为(333.0±111.8)μg/mL,对照组中为(288.8±80.1)μg/mL,差异无统计学含义(P>0.05)。

1.2 DNA提取

抽取患者前臂静脉血2 mL,以枸橼酸钠抗凝,选用北京天根TIANamp 血液基因组DNA提取试剂盒(DP318),提取外周血中白细胞DNA,办法参阅试剂盒阐明书。

1.3 基因多态性检测

MMP1基因分型:选用聚合酶链反响限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)办法对MMP1基因上游-1607区域进行扩增。MMP1(-1607)1G/2G引物规划以及办法按文献报导进行[9]。扩增含该多态位点的PCR引物序列为上游引物5′-TGAGGAAATTGTAGTTAAATCCTTAGAAAG -3′和下流引物5′-TGAGGAAATTGTAGTTAAATCCTTAGAAAGTCTT -3′。PCR反响系统设置如下。北京百泰克2×Power Taq PCR MasterMix 12.5 μL(含相关的PCR Buffer以及Taq聚合酶),上下流引物各0.2 μL,DNA模板1 μL,其他用水补齐反响体积到25 μL;PCR条件为:95℃变性2 min,然后94℃30 s,53℃30 s,72℃50 s进行30个循环后,72℃延伸6 min。因为在上游引物21位中引进错配碱基CC,因而产品能用于BslI的酶切,巨细为130bp。取15μL PCR产品与限制性核酸内切酶BslI(New England BioLabs)于37℃孵育3 h。酶切产品于3.0%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离。经过酶切后,1G/1G基因型发作的片段巨细为130bp;2G/2G发作27bp和103bp;杂合子则发作巨细别离为130bp、103bp和27bp 的3个片段。每一批PCR反响均以蒸馏水代替DNA模板作为阴性对照,并设置杂合子患者为内对照,用于判别每次酶切反响是否完全,并随机抽取10%的DNA标本对PCR产品进行测序剖析以判别办法的正确性。endprint

1.4数据及统计剖析

得到患者以及对照组不同分型基因频率后,剖析是否契合Hardy-Weinberg平衡规律。一起选用SPSS 10.0软件进行数据剖析,用χ2查验比较各基因型频率在病例组与对照组之间的差异。用比值比(oddsratio,OR)及其95%可信区间(confidence interval,CI)标明带着某个基因型发作环孢素诱导牙龈增生的危险度。OR值以非条件Logistic回归核算,并经性别、年纪情况校对。

2 成果

见表1。在42个牙龈增生组中,MMP1(-1607)1G/1G、1G/2G和2G/2G这3种基因型的散布频率别离为9.5%、40.5%和50.0%,在118个正常对照中,1G/1G、1G/2G和2G/2G的散布频率别离为16.1%、41.5%和42.4%, 2个不同分组基因频率散布经Hardy-Weinberg平衡规律(H-W test)检测,显现均契合H-W 散布(P>0.05)。Pearson卡方查验标明,这三种基因型在牙龈增生和对照组中差异无统计学含义(χ2=1.99,P=0.37)。Logistic回归剖析成果标明,以MMP1(-1607)1G/1G基因型带着者为参照,带着2G基因型者罹患牙龈增生患者的OR危险为带着1G基因的1.38倍(95%CI 0.81~2.36),因而,带着2G基因的患者发作CsA-GO的危险添加,但因为CI下限为0.81并未超越1,还不足以以为2G为易感的危险要素。

3 评论

CsA-GO的发作常与牙龈下结缔安排中胞外基质的堆积有关,其构成以I型胶原为主,别的也存在3型胶原以及蛋白多糖等的积累。牙龈安排中的胶原降解首要经过基质金属蛋白酶-1和-3完成。基质金属蛋白酶宗族(MMPs)是一组锌离子或钙离子依靠酶,以无活性的酶原方式排泄后可经过纤溶酶、胰蛋白酶或其他因子影响后,剪接活化并降解1种或许多种细胞外基质成分,在细胞外基质代谢调理中起重要效果。CsA-GO的发作常与胶原代谢紊乱相关,其间MMPs活性以及表达遭到较多研讨的重视。Rutter等[13]在MMP1基因发动子区上游1607位发现一个刺进/缺失多态性,多出鸟嘌呤,使得位点区域序列变为5'-GGA-3',该型就是2G型,而只要1个鸟嘌呤的为1G型。该位点SNP普遍存在,正常个别中3种基因型份额别离为1G/1G 30%、1G/2G 30%、2G/2G 3%~40%,在癌细胞中2G/2G型的份额可进步到63.5%,与较强的基质降解并促进癌细胞搬运密切相关。其间2G等位基因构成一个转录因子ETS的中心结合序列,研讨显现ETS-1能够进步MMP-1发动子活性到达10倍[14],一起也发现ETS能够经过动态调理MMP1和TIMP1酶系统的平衡而影响胶原的堆积,进而参加到化疗药物诱导的肾病ECM的重塑进程[15,16]。另一方面,1G等位基因则使得MMP1转录显着下降。

因为MMP1基因发动子多态性使得MMP1的表达在不同人中存在较大的差异,因而不同的人对CsA所诱导的牙龈增生也存在易理性的差异。而且CsA能够按捺来自牙龈成纤维细胞中MMP-1的活性,且出现浓度依靠性[3]。因而,CsA能够使得MMP1的表达和活性在不同人中存在必定程度的下降,进而引起胶原无法被有用降解,引起堆积添加。本研讨显现,牙龈增生以及未增生组中MMP1上游(-1607)基因多态性基因之间的散布无显着差异,提示咱们这一位点的多态性或许和CsA-GO发病无显着联系,进一步的Logistic回归剖析显现,带着1G基因型的患者发作CsA-GO的危险为带着2G基因型患者的0.73倍,95%CI为0.42~1.24,因而阐明该位点并非发作CsA-GO的危险要素。

MMP1发动子多态性与口腔疾病的报导首要集中于与牙周炎开展的相关性,可是研讨成果存在争议,部分研讨以为,含有2G/2G的患者开展为重度缓慢牙周炎的危险远高于1G等位基因的患者。也有一些研讨显现MMP1发动子区域-1607位点多态性并非缓慢牙周炎的危险要素,在不同分组中不存在统计学差异[17]。这些成果提示因为不同研讨的种族差异、试验样本容量的差异以及试验办法的不同,使得SNP与口腔疾病如牙周炎开展中的效果研讨还处于评论阶段。因为牙龈胶原代谢还和MMP宗族中MMP3的活性有关,而MMP3和MMP1都定坐落11q22.3上,两者的散布频率和连锁不平衡性或许也影响到口腔疾病的易理性。

总归,本研讨初次在CsA-GO患者中评论了MMP1基因发动子区域位点多态性与疾病开展的相关性。依据现有样本成果剖析显现,MMP1基因发动子区的功用性单核苷酸多态(-1607) 1G/2G与环孢素诱导牙龈增生的发作无显着相关,可是带着2G等位基因的患者发作CsA-GO的危险添加。因为本研讨的样本量相对较小,还需要进一步扩展研讨目标,而且搜集更多的临床预后材料,以评论该基因其他位点多态性以及相关基因如MMP3多态性对环孢素诱导牙龈增生易理性的相关性。

[参阅文献]

[1] Jiang L,Gao MJ,Zhou J,et al. Serum cyclophilin A concentrations in renal transplant recipients receiving cyclosporine A:Clinical implications for gingival overgrowth[J].Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol,2013,116(4):447-754.

[2] Dannewitz B,Tomakidi P,Syagailo Y,et al. Elevation of collagen type I in fibroblast-keratinocyte cocultures emphasizes the decisive role of fibroblasts in the manifestation of the phenotype of cyclosporin A-induced gingivalovergrowth[J].J Periodontal Res,2009,44(1):62-72.endprint

[3] Sonmez S,Cavdar C,Gunduz C,et al. Do MMP-1 levels of gingival fibroblasts have a role in the gingival overgrowth of cyclosporine-treated patients[J]. Transplant Proc,2008, 40(1):181-183.

[4] 马肃,刘培红,李延武,等. 环孢菌素对大鼠牙龈结缔安排胶原及TIMP-1蛋白表达影响的试验研讨[J]. 我国美容医学,2011,(9):1398-1400.

[5] McCready J,Broaddus WC,Sykes V,et al. Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter with glioblastoma[J]. Int J Cancer,2005,117(5):781-785.

[6] Elander N,Soderkvist P,Fransen K. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -1,-2,-3 and -9 promoter polymorphisms in colorectal cancer[J].Anticancer Res,2006,26(1B):791-795.

[7] Kang S,Wang Y,Zhang JH,et al. Single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinases promoter is associated with susceptibility to endometriosis and adenomyosis[J]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi,2005,40(9):601-604.

[8] Santos MC,Campos MI,Souza AP,et al. Analysis of MMP-1 and MMP-9 promoter polymorphisms in early osseointegrated implant failure[J]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants,2004,19(1):38-43.

[9] Dereka X,Mardas N,Chin S,et al. A systematic review on the association between geneticpredisposition and ental implant biological complications[J]. Clin Oral Implants Res,2012,23(7):775-788.

[10] Cao ZG,Li CZ. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter enhances oral squamous cell carcinoma susceptibility in a Chinese population[J]. Oral Oncol,2006,42(1):32-38.

[11] Stott-Miller M,Houck JR,Lohavanichbutr P,et al. Tumor and salivary matrix metalloproteinase levels are strong diagnostic markers of oral squamous cell carcinoma[J]. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2011,20(12):2628-2636.

[12] Angelopoulos AP. Diphenylhydantoin gingival hyperplasia. A clinicopathological review. 1. Incidence,clinical features and histopathology[J]. Dent J,1975,41(2):103-106.

[13] Rutter JL,Mitchell TI,Buttice G,et al. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter creates an Ets binding site and augments transcription[J]. Cancer Res,1998,58(23):5321-5325.

[14] Westermarck J,Seth A,Kahari VM. Differential regulation of interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) gene expression by ETS transcription factors[J]. Oncogene,1997,14(22):2651-2660.

[15] Nazneen A,Razzaque MS,Liu D,et al. Possible role of Ets-1 and MMP-1 in matrix remodeling in experimental cisplatin nephropathy[J]. Med Electron Microsc,2002,35(4):242-247.

[16] 袁伟杰,王轩. Ets-1在肾脏纤维化中的双向效果及其机制[J]. 我国中西医结合肾病杂志,2011,(12):1035-1037.

[17] 黄满英,苏小鹏,付云. MMP-1基因发动子区SNP与牙周炎联系的研讨进展[J]. 牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志,2009,(1):42-45,49.

(收稿日期:2014-05-21)endprint

[3] Sonmez S,Cavdar C,Gunduz C,et al. Do MMP-1 levels of gingival fibroblasts have a role in the gingival overgrowth of cyclosporine-treated patients[J]. Transplant Proc,2008, 40(1):181-183.

[4] 马肃,刘培红,李延武,等. 环孢菌素对大鼠牙龈结缔安排胶原及TIMP-1蛋白表达影响的试验研讨[J]. 我国美容医学,2011,(9):1398-1400.

[5] McCready J,Broaddus WC,Sykes V,et al. Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter with glioblastoma[J]. Int J Cancer,2005,117(5):781-785.

[6] Elander N,Soderkvist P,Fransen K. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -1,-2,-3 and -9 promoter polymorphisms in colorectal cancer[J].Anticancer Res,2006,26(1B):791-795.

[7] Kang S,Wang Y,Zhang JH,et al. Single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinases promoter is associated with susceptibility to endometriosis and adenomyosis[J]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi,2005,40(9):601-604.

[8] Santos MC,Campos MI,Souza AP,et al. Analysis of MMP-1 and MMP-9 promoter polymorphisms in early osseointegrated implant failure[J]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants,2004,19(1):38-43.

[9] Dereka X,Mardas N,Chin S,et al. A systematic review on the association between geneticpredisposition and ental implant biological complications[J]. Clin Oral Implants Res,2012,23(7):775-788.

[10] Cao ZG,Li CZ. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter enhances oral squamous cell carcinoma susceptibility in a Chinese population[J]. Oral Oncol,2006,42(1):32-38.

[11] Stott-Miller M,Houck JR,Lohavanichbutr P,et al. Tumor and salivary matrix metalloproteinase levels are strong diagnostic markers of oral squamous cell carcinoma[J]. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2011,20(12):2628-2636.

[12] Angelopoulos AP. Diphenylhydantoin gingival hyperplasia. A clinicopathological review. 1. Incidence,clinical features and histopathology[J]. Dent J,1975,41(2):103-106.

[13] Rutter JL,Mitchell TI,Buttice G,et al. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter creates an Ets binding site and augments transcription[J]. Cancer Res,1998,58(23):5321-5325.

[14] Westermarck J,Seth A,Kahari VM. Differential regulation of interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) gene expression by ETS transcription factors[J]. Oncogene,1997,14(22):2651-2660.

[15] Nazneen A,Razzaque MS,Liu D,et al. Possible role of Ets-1 and MMP-1 in matrix remodeling in experimental cisplatin nephropathy[J]. Med Electron Microsc,2002,35(4):242-247.

[16] 袁伟杰,王轩. Ets-1在肾脏纤维化中的双向效果及其机制[J]. 我国中西医结合肾病杂志,2011,(12):1035-1037.

[17] 黄满英,苏小鹏,付云. MMP-1基因发动子区SNP与牙周炎联系的研讨进展[J]. 牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志,2009,(1):42-45,49.

(收稿日期:2014-05-21)endprint

[3] Sonmez S,Cavdar C,Gunduz C,et al. Do MMP-1 levels of gingival fibroblasts have a role in the gingival overgrowth of cyclosporine-treated patients[J]. Transplant Proc,2008, 40(1):181-183.

[4] 马肃,刘培红,李延武,等. 环孢菌素对大鼠牙龈结缔安排胶原及TIMP-1蛋白表达影响的试验研讨[J]. 我国美容医学,2011,(9):1398-1400.

[5] McCready J,Broaddus WC,Sykes V,et al. Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter with glioblastoma[J]. Int J Cancer,2005,117(5):781-785.

[6] Elander N,Soderkvist P,Fransen K. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -1,-2,-3 and -9 promoter polymorphisms in colorectal cancer[J].Anticancer Res,2006,26(1B):791-795.

[7] Kang S,Wang Y,Zhang JH,et al. Single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinases promoter is associated with susceptibility to endometriosis and adenomyosis[J]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi,2005,40(9):601-604.

[8] Santos MC,Campos MI,Souza AP,et al. Analysis of MMP-1 and MMP-9 promoter polymorphisms in early osseointegrated implant failure[J]. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants,2004,19(1):38-43.

[9] Dereka X,Mardas N,Chin S,et al. A systematic review on the association between geneticpredisposition and ental implant biological complications[J]. Clin Oral Implants Res,2012,23(7):775-788.

[10] Cao ZG,Li CZ. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter enhances oral squamous cell carcinoma susceptibility in a Chinese population[J]. Oral Oncol,2006,42(1):32-38.

[11] Stott-Miller M,Houck JR,Lohavanichbutr P,et al. Tumor and salivary matrix metalloproteinase levels are strong diagnostic markers of oral squamous cell carcinoma[J]. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2011,20(12):2628-2636.

[12] Angelopoulos AP. Diphenylhydantoin gingival hyperplasia. A clinicopathological review. 1. Incidence,clinical features and histopathology[J]. Dent J,1975,41(2):103-106.

[13] Rutter JL,Mitchell TI,Buttice G,et al. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter creates an Ets binding site and augments transcription[J]. Cancer Res,1998,58(23):5321-5325.

[14] Westermarck J,Seth A,Kahari VM. Differential regulation of interstitial collagenase (MMP-1) gene expression by ETS transcription factors[J]. Oncogene,1997,14(22):2651-2660.

[15] Nazneen A,Razzaque MS,Liu D,et al. Possible role of Ets-1 and MMP-1 in matrix remodeling in experimental cisplatin nephropathy[J]. Med Electron Microsc,2002,35(4):242-247.

[16] 袁伟杰,王轩. Ets-1在肾脏纤维化中的双向效果及其机制[J]. 我国中西医结合肾病杂志,2011,(12):1035-1037.

[17] 黄满英,苏小鹏,付云. MMP-1基因发动子区SNP与牙周炎联系的研讨进展[J]. 牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志,2009,(1):42-45,49.

(收稿日期:2014-05-21)endprint

相关资讯
最新新闻
关闭