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五颜六色多普勒超声查看是什么 五颜六色多普勒超声对类风湿性关节炎腕关节病变的使用价值

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瞿庆红+罗利飞

[摘要] 意图 评论五颜六色多普勒超声对类风湿性关节炎腕关节病变的运用价值。 办法 选取在我院就诊的类风湿性关节炎患者共50例作为调查组,挑选同期在我院健康体检人员50例为对照组。两组均承受五颜六色多普勒超声查看腕关节,调查并比较两组关节腔滑膜结构及滑膜内血流状况的差异。 成果 调查组患者的腕关节滑膜厚度显着大于对照组,差异有统计学含义(P<0.05);调查组患者腕关节滑膜增厚、关节腔积液及骨质损坏百分比均显着高于对照组,差异均有统计学含义(P<0.01);调查组患者腕关节滑膜内血流信号丰厚百分比显着高于对照组,差异均有统计学含义(P<0.05);调查组患者腕关节滑膜动脉血流RI值显着低于对照组,差异均有统计学含义(P<0.05)。 定论 五颜六色多普勒超声能较好地显现类风湿性关节炎腕关节病变状况,能为临床前期确诊及医治供给客观的根据。

[要害词] 类风湿性关节炎;腕关节病变;五颜六色多普勒超声;运用价值

[中图分类号] R445.1;R593.22 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)33-0102-04

[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the application value of color Doppler ultrasonography in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis wrist lesions. Methods A total of 50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were admitted to our hospital were selected as the observation group. 50 healthy subjects who received physical examination during the same period of time were selected as the control group. Both groups were given color Doppler ultrasound for the examination of the wrist, and the differences of synovial membrane structure and synovial blood flow between the two groups were observed and compared. Results The thickness of synovial membrane of the wrist joint in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); the percentage of wrist joint synovial thickening, joint effusion and bone destruction in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01); the percentage of abundant signals of blood flow in the synovial membrane of the wrist joint in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); the RI value of synovial arterial blood flow in the wrist joint in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasonography can better show the rheumatoid arthritis wrist lesions, which can provide an objective basis for clinical early diagnosis and treatment.

[Key words] Rheumatoid arthritis; Wrist lesions; Color Doppler ultrasonography; Application value

類风湿性关节炎是一种缓慢、以炎性滑膜炎为主的本身免疫性疾病,好发于中年女人,其病况重复发作,导致关节的不可逆危害,直接影响患者的日常日子[1,2]。类风湿性关节炎发病原因至今不明,如不及时医治,致残率高,严峻影响患者的日子质量。前期诊治可以显着改进患者预后,削减残疾的发作和经济的糟蹋,但前期确诊类风湿性关节炎较困难[3,4]。近年来有研讨显现五颜六色多普勒超声可以很好地反映关节及滑膜病变,在确诊类风湿性关节炎方面具有必定的价值[5-8]。本研讨选用五颜六色多普勒超声检测类风湿性关节炎腕关节状况,评论其在类风湿性关节炎确诊中的运用价值,现报导如下。endprint

1材料与办法

1.1一般材料

选取2016年1月~2017年1月期间在我院就诊的类风湿性关节炎患者共50例为调查组。归入规范:契合1987年美国类风湿病学会拟定的类风湿性关节炎确诊规范[9]。扫除规范:(1)腕关节外伤或手术史;(2)长时刻服用激素类药物。挑选同期在我院健康体检人员50例为对照组。两组在年纪散布、性别构成等方面比较差异不显着(P>0.05),具有可比性。见表1。

1.2查看办法

两组均运用五颜六色多普勒超声查看腕关节,五颜六色多普勒超声仪器运用Vivid 7超声确诊仪器(美国GE公司),超声探头挑选7.5 MHz高频超声探头,查看形式挑选关节形式。一切被查看者均取仰卧位或座位,手臂伸直,充沛露出腕关节,运用灰阶超声形式调查并记载腕关节滑膜状况,包含关节腔有无积液、关节面是否润滑、骨质有无损坏,并在滑膜最厚处检测滑膜厚度。选用五颜六色多普勒超声形式检测腕关节滑膜内血流状况,调查滑膜内血流信号,嘱患者安静呼吸,对患者滑膜动脉血流进行取样,取样框宽度挑选2~3 mm,取样线与血管夹角小于30°,根据血流频谱丈量阻力指数(RI)。选用相同办法检测对侧腕关节,一切记载数值均丈量3次,取平均值为终究丈量成果。调查两组关节腔滑膜状况,并一起检测两组腕关节滑膜内血流状况。

1.3调查目标

1.3.1 腕关节滑膜状况 包含滑膜厚度、滑膜有无增厚、关节腔有无积液、骨质有无损坏。其间滑膜厚度≥3 mm为滑膜增厚。

1.3.2 腕关节滑膜血流信号分级[10] 0级:滑膜内未见血流信号;Ⅰ级:滑膜内可见1~2处点状血流信号;Ⅱ级:滑膜内见较多血流信号,呈短条状,小于滑膜面50%;Ⅲ级:滑膜内可见多处血流信号,呈树枝状或网状,超越滑膜面50%。其间血流信号丰厚=Ⅱ级+Ⅲ级。

1.3.3腕关节滑膜动脉RI检测 对患者滑膜动脉血流进行取样,取样框宽度挑选2~3 mm,取样线与血管夹角小于30°,根据血流频谱丈量滑膜动脉RI。

1.4统计学办法

选用SPSS18.0 for windows软件对材料进行统计学剖析处理,计量材料以均数±规范差(x±s)表明,组间比较用t查验,计数材料选用χ2查验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学含义。

2成果

2.1两组腕关节滑膜状况比较

调查组患者腕关节滑膜厚度大于对照组(P<0.05),腕关节滑膜增厚、关节腔积液及骨质损坏百分比均显着高于对照组,差异均有统计学含义(P<0.01)。见表2。

2.2两组腕关节滑膜内血流状况比较

调查组患者的腕关节滑膜内血流信号丰厚百分比显着高于对照组(P<0.05),调查组腕关节滑膜动脉血流RI值低于对照组,差异有统计学含义(P<0.05)。见表3及图1。

3评论

类风湿性关节炎是风湿病中最常见的类型,在我国发病率到达0.3%,是构成我国人群损失劳动力与致残的最主要原因[11,12]。有研讨显现如不及时医治有75%以上的患者会在3年内出现残疾,给患者身心构成严峻的危害,一起也会给患者家庭及社会带来沉重的经济负担。前期确诊及医治是改进患者预后的要害,有研讨显现患病前三个月是医治的最佳时刻,被称为医治的窗口期[13,14]。以往临床上确诊类风湿性关节炎往往依托临床症状及血清类风湿性因子等试验室查看,确诊准确性较高,但确诊时往往病程时刻现已较长,部分患者乃至现已致残,失去最佳的医治机遇[15,16]。类风湿性關节炎前期体现为滑膜充血及水肿,跟着滑膜增生和血管翳的逐步构成,对关节软骨和软骨下骨质的侵蚀作用进一步加深,终究导致关节硬化和变形,X线查看对前期病变及软安排病变的确诊具有局限性,近年来跟着MRI的出现,MRI查看成为确诊类风湿性关节炎最有用的辅佐查看手法,但价格昂贵,难以在临床广泛运用[17,18]。寻觅更为适宜的辅佐查看手法为临床前期确诊类风湿性关节炎供给有用协助成为临床重视的热门。

五颜六色多普勒超声是临床最常用的辅佐查看仪器,具有快速简洁、可重复、经济实惠等长处,但以往五颜六色多普勒超声较少运用于骨关节疾病的确诊[19-21]。近年来,跟着五颜六色多普勒超声仪器的不断更新及骨骼肌肉超声确诊的前进,五颜六色多普勒超声对骨关节的分辩率得到较大的提高,超声能很好地分辩关节安排,明晰显现关节软骨、 关节空隙及关节腔等解剖结构,其在类风湿性关节炎确诊及医治中的运用价值遭到重视[22-24]。腕关节是类风湿性关节炎最早累及的关节,因而,选用五颜六色多普勒超声检测腕关节成为前期确诊类风湿性关节炎的首选办法[25-28]。本次研讨显现调查组腕关节滑膜厚度大于对照组,调查组腕关节滑膜增厚、关节腔积液及骨质损坏百分比均高于对照组。咱们考虑这与类风湿性关节炎的病程发展有关,腕关节最早劳累后出现滑膜炎,跟着滑膜炎的发展,滑膜不断增厚,构成血管翳,逐步损坏骨质,导致关节腔积液及变形的发作,因而调查组的滑膜、关节、骨质病变的百分比显着高于对照组。一起本研讨还发现调查组腕关节滑膜内血流信号丰厚百分比显着高于对照组,调查组腕关节滑膜动脉血流RI值低于对照组,咱们考虑这与病程发展中滑膜增生有关,增生的滑膜主要由重生血管及炎症细胞组成,因而调查组关节滑膜内血流信号更为丰厚,并出现低阻力状况。由此可见类风湿性关节炎患者有特异的灰阶及五颜六色多普勒超声体现,选用五颜六色多普勒超声可以前期对类风湿性关节炎进行有用地确诊,为临床前期医治供给协助。但本研讨未对医治后类风湿性关节炎患者的五颜六色多普勒超声体现进行研讨,鄙人一步研讨中将进一步完善[29-33]。

总归,五颜六色多普勒超声能较好地显现类风湿性关节炎腕关节病变状况,能为临床前期确诊及医治供给客观的根据。

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(收稿日期:2017-09-13)endprint

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