牙本质酸蚀剂 光固化酸蚀剂对脱敏剂关闭牙本质小管效果的影响研讨
田鸿旭+焉妍+王毅
[摘要] 意图 全酸蚀与自酸蚀粘接体系处理下脱敏剂对牙实质小管关闭效果的研讨。 办法 搜集新鲜拔除的无龋坏牙齿制作成牙实质模型,共分四组:A组:氢氧化钙Lonosit Baseline组;B组:Gluma脱敏剂组;C组:奥威尔脱敏剂组; D组:空白对照组。先按分组不同,运用相应的脱敏剂处理牙实质模型外表,每組再分别用Single Bond 2和SE Bond处理牙实质外表。扫描电镜下调查全酸蚀与自酸蚀粘接体系处理下脱敏剂对牙实质小管的关闭效果。成果 扫描电镜下见,运用自酸蚀粘接剂或全酸蚀粘接剂处理下,同种脱敏剂对牙实质小管的关闭效果根本相同。氢氧化钙组样本的牙实质外表粗糙,仅部分小管内有堆积物关闭,管口大部分显露。Gluma 组样本牙实质外表平整,少量牙实质小管管口显露,堆积物简直悉数堵塞牙实质小管,结合较紧密。奥威尔组—牙实质小管大部分都有堆积物,其小管管径显着缩小。对照组样本牙实质外表可见牙实质小管开口彻底打开,管口无堵塞或掩盖物。纵截面小管内无堆积物,可见网状交错的管间牙实质胶原纤维明晰,小管管径增大显着。 定论 运用自酸蚀粘接剂或全酸蚀粘接剂处理下,同种脱敏剂对牙实质小管的关闭效果根本相同,都能较好地关闭牙实质小管。其间,奥威尔脱敏剂对牙实质小管的关闭效果最好。
[关键词] 深龋;牙实质过敏症;脱敏剂;酸蚀粘接体系;牙实质小管通透性
[中图分类号] R781.2 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)15-0066-04
[Abstract] Objective To study the effect of desensitizer on dentinal tubule closure under total etching and self-etching bonding system. Methods Freshly removed teeth without caries were collected to make dentin model and divided into four groups including group A(Calcium hydroxide Lonosit Baseline group), group B(Gluma desensitization group), group C(Oravive desensitization group) and group D(control group). The surface of dentin model was treated with the corresponding desensitizer according to the different grouping. And the dentin surface was treated with Single Bond 2 and SE Bond, respectively. The effect of desensitizer on dentinal tubules under total etching and self-etching bonding system was observed under scanning electron microscopy(TEM). Results Under the scanning electron microscope, the effect of the same desensitizer on the dentinal tubules was similar under total etching and self-etching bonding system. The dentin surface of samples in Calcium hydroxide group was rough, with sediment in only part of the tubules and exposure of most of the mouth. The dentin surface in Gluma group was flat, with a small number of dentin tubules mouth exposed and almost all of dentin tubules blocked with the deposits, and the bonding was close. Most of the dentinal tubules in Oravive group had sediment,and the small tube diameter significantly reduced. In the control group, the dentin tubules were open and the mouth was free of obstruction or covering on the surface. There was no sediment in the longitudinal section of the tube, and the interstitial collagen fibers were clear and the diameter of the tubules increased obviously. Conclusion The effect of the same desensitizer on the dentin tubules is similar under total etching and self-etching bonding system, and the dentinal tubules can be well sealed. Among them, the effect of Oravive desensitizer on dentinal tubules is the best.
[Key words] Deep caries; Dentin hypersensitivity; Desensitizer; Etching bonding system; Dentin tubule permeability
深龋病损可达牙实质深层,行惯例办法医治简单呈现术后牙实质过敏等症状,乃至发展成牙髓炎症状导致医治失利。在充填深龋窝洞前先运用脱敏剂处理窝洞壁,既防止外界影响直接传入牙实质小管内,一起阻隔了复合树脂充填时酸蚀粘接剂对牙髓的影响,可以防备牙实质过敏症的发作[1],提深邃龋治愈率。本试验选用三种不同脱敏剂经过扫描电镜下调查全酸蚀与自酸蚀粘接体系处理下脱敏剂对牙实质小管的关闭效果,为临床窝洞准备后预先运用脱敏剂,防备深龋充填医治后发作牙实质过敏症供给理论依据。
1 资料与办法
1.1 离体牙的搜集
在试验前1个月,2016年8~9月搜集完好无龋坏、仅因正畸需求拔除的年青上颌前磨牙128颗。彻底清洁后,在1%麝香草酚溶液中浸泡保存24 h[2]。取出枯燥后流水下低速磨除其颌面釉质,彻底露出牙实质。耐水砂纸在流水下打磨牙实质外表1 min后超声清洗10 min,备用。
1.2 试验办法
将上述处理的样本随机分为4组,每组32颗。A组:Lonosit Baseline(氢氧化钙)脱敏剂组;B组:Gluma脱敏剂组;C组:Oravive脱敏剂组;D组:對照组。按分组运用相应的脱敏剂处理牙实质样本外表,再每组分别用Single Bond 2和SE Bond处理牙实质外表,扫描电镜下调查全酸蚀与自酸蚀粘接体系处理下脱敏剂对牙实质小管的关闭效果。
1.3 离体牙牙实质外表处理进程
按阐明书对相应组样本粘接牙实质进行处理。37℃人工唾液中保存一周。
1.4 试验首要仪器和资料
低速切割机(SYJ150, MTI KJ Group,China),扫描电镜(S-4800,Hitachi,Japan),全酸蚀粘接剂Single Bond 2(3M,USA),自酸蚀粘接剂SE Bond(CLEARFIL,Japan),奥威尔牙齿脱敏剂(Sun Medical Co.Ltd.,Japan),Gluma(Heraues Kulzer,Germany),氢氧化钙Lonosit-Baseliner(DMG,Germany)
2 成果
2.1 运用全酸蚀粘接剂Single Bond 2电镜调查
酸蚀15 s后,氢氧化钙处理组可调查到牙实质小管被部分关闭,但外表仍不平整,管口显露较多(封三图5A)。Gluma组可调查到牙实质外表较平整,堆积物简直堵塞牙实质小管,小管口有少部分显露(封三图5B)。奥威尔脱敏剂处理组可调查到牙实质小管根本悉数被关闭,小管管径缩小(封三图5C)。对照组可调查到牙实质小管开口彻底打开,其内空空如也,小管管径显着增大(封三图5D)。纵面见小管内无沉淀物,小管管径增大(封三图5D)。
2.2 运用自酸蚀粘接剂后的电镜调查
氢氧化钙处理组可调查到牙实质小管外表高低不平,大部分管口显露(封三图6A)。Gluma组可调查到牙实质外表较平整,堆积物简直堵塞牙实质小管,但仍有部分小管口显露(封三图6B)。奥威尔脱敏剂处理组可调查到牙实质小管大部分被关闭,小管管径缩小(封三图6C)。对照组可见牙实质小管开口彻底打开,其内空空如也,明晰可见管间牙实质胶原纤维交错成网状(封三图6D)。
3评论
深龋惯例充填医治后很简单呈现牙实质灵敏症[3](dentin hypersensitiveness,DH),即牙体在遭到外界理化影响下所引起的一种酸痛症状,锋利且持时时间短[4]。为削减这一并发症,选用树脂修正前预先脱敏医治,以关闭牙实质小管,下降或防止激惹牙髓神经[5,6],临床上获得满足的效果。本试验所用灵敏牙实质模型选用规范制作办法[7,8]。运用扫描电镜调查全酸蚀与自酸蚀粘接体系处理下脱敏剂对牙实质小管的关闭效果,为深龋窝洞准备后预先运用脱敏剂防备术后发作牙实质过敏症供给理论依据。
国内外研讨均标明,牙实质越通透牙实质越灵敏[9,10]。进行活髓基牙准备后当即涂布脱敏剂[11]的做法可以关闭牙实质小管开口,削减外界影响传入,并维护牙髓免受细菌侵扰[12],已在牙体修正范畴被证明的确有用。
有学者提出[13]的流体动力学说最为大多数学者认同,并不断有其他学者[14]将之弥补完善。依据这一理论,牙实质过敏症的医治以阻隔外界影响,下降小管内神经传导或防止激惹牙髓神经为主,并且牙实质小管关闭效果的持久性很重要。
本试验中,不管经全酸蚀仍是自酸蚀粘接剂处理,空白对照组成果均表现为牙实质小管口敞开,露出,管内空无。当牙釉质被磨除后,上百万的牙实质小管露出[15],与本试验所显现状况相符。这意味着惯例的去腐备洞增加了牙髓损害的潜在危险。关于树脂充填修正运用的牙实质粘接剂,Cehreli等[16]研讨以为有较好的安排相容性,但更多学者以为牙实质粘接资料本身对牙髓安排存在较强的影响[17]。因而临床上深龋在直接充填术后很简单呈现灵敏。奥威尔组牙实质模型表现为小管关闭较均匀,平整,管径缩小。阐明关闭效果完善,与空白对照组空无的牙实质小管比照明显。奥威尔脱敏剂是一种生物玻璃活性资料,首要用于口腔栽培范畴。作为脱敏剂,具有诱导牙实质小管本身及周围安排钙化的效果。其首要成分-磷硅酸钙钠、聚乙二醇能敏捷、继续地与水及唾液发作反响,生成的结晶状物—羟基磷酸盐灰石层安稳细密,堆积并堵塞牙实质小管[18,19]。Gillam等[20]曾发现,即便经过酸蚀处理堆积物仍然安稳存在,彻底堵塞牙实质。在本试验中可见牙实质小管呈现细密平整的外表。阐明关闭牙实质小管的效果紧密安稳。Gluma组有堆积物进入牙实质小管内,构成堵塞,但有单个显露,阐明酸蚀处理后Gluma组仍有脱敏效果。Gluma脱敏剂[21]的有用脱敏成分—戊二醛在HEMA的辅佐下能进入牙实质小管内部,起变性凝结小管蛋白质并堆积关闭小管末梢阻止神经传导的效果。本试验镜下见牙实质小管有单个显露,比较奥威尔的关闭效果稍差。氢氧化钙除了有清晰的抗菌成效,还可以诱导牙实质小管内牙实质桥的构成[22],诱导牙实质修正对牙髓有维护效果[23]。氢氧化钙组小管显露较多,管内关闭物不均匀。氢氧化钙在深龋充填医治中常用作盖髓剂置于彻底去净腐质后的近髓牙实质上,经过再矿化效果[24]阻止外界影响传入。但其护髓效果是一个缓慢的进程,医治后前期仍不可防止地会呈现牙实质过敏症,乃至常常并发牙髓和根尖周病变[25]。
本實验中,不管运用全酸蚀粘接剂或自酸蚀粘接剂,扫描电镜下调查同种脱敏剂组牙实质小管的关闭效果类似。因而,深龋充填医治中预先运用脱敏剂可以起到防备术后牙实质过敏症发作的效果。
运用全酸蚀或自酸蚀粘接体系下,同种脱敏剂对牙实质小管有类似的关闭效果。三种脱敏剂中,奥威尔脱敏剂对牙实质小管的关闭效果最好。
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